A survey that investigated the relationship between people with disabilities and the job market carried out in partnership between Unicamp and the Public Ministry of Labor (MPT) has just been turned into a book. The results of the investigation were gathered in the e-book “Persons with Disabilities and Work: Studies for the state of São Paulo and a brief national and international overview”, released by Editora CRV.
The book results from the research “People with disabilities and work: Studies on population dynamics and the behavior of the formal labor market in the state of São Paulo, from 2010 to 2022”. This research was carried out based on an agreement signed between Unicamp and the Regional Labor Attorney's Office of the 15th Region.
The book was organized by Guirlanda Maria Maia de Castro Benevides and its authors are José Daniel Morales Martínez, Maria de Lourdes Alencar, Jacqueline Aslan Souen, Bárbara Helena de Oliveira Santos and Rita de Cássia Scagliusi do Carmo.
The research data collection was carried out by the Center for Research on the Labor Market and People with Disabilities (NTPcD), which is part of the Center for Union Studies and Labor Economics (Cesit), of the Institute of Economics (IE) at Unicamp. According to the executive director of Cesit, professor José Dari Krein, the research brings new information about the population, characteristics of employment relationships, type of company, type of occupation, remuneration, education, age groups, among other data.
For the professor, the country “is light years behind in the race to implement a public employment policy aimed at people with disabilities”. The research showed, for example, that more than 80% of companies do not comply with the Quota Law – established in 1991 and only regulated in 1999. According to this legislation, companies with one hundred or more employees must hire rehabilitated or disabled people.
The percentage depends on the number of employees at each company. For example, companies that have between 100 and 200 employees are required to have 2% of employees on their staff who are people with disabilities. In organizations with a number of 201 to 500 workers, this percentage rises to 3%. When made up of 501 to 1.000 employees, the company must have 4% of its employees with disabilities; in the case of large companies, with a thousand or more employees, the percentage must be 5%.
According to Krein, the research also debunks myths. One of them concerns the supply of labor. According to the survey carried out in the State of São Paulo, estimates suggest that the total population with disabilities would have increased from 2.449.446 in 2010 to 3.594.404 in 2022. This represents an increase of 1.144.958 people with these conditions, which corresponds to an increase of 46,7% in the period.
One of the survey data shows that in 2019, of the 317.179 jobs available for people with disabilities, in the 11.751 companies in São Paulo with headquarters in the State of São Paulo and branches in different locations across the country, under the same CNPJ, only 145.801 were occupied – equivalent to 46% of the total.
171.378 jobs remained open. In other words, 54% of the vacancies reserved for people with disabilities were not filled. “There are vacancies and people in the market willing to work, but there is also the intention of many companies to circumvent the quota law”, says the professor. For Krein, what exists in Brazil is “discrimination”.
“Our challenge, from a work point of view, will not be overcome just by market dynamics, nor just by economic development”, warns Krein. “There is a need for coordinated State action that leads to the creation of jobs that meet three major needs: social needs, environmental needs and the need for national sovereignty – investment in research, technology, which guarantee the future of our country”, ends.
Population dynamics
The book was organized into six chapters. The first four expose the content relating to the axes “population dynamics” and “labor market” in relation to the State of São Paulo and, also, in the areas of coverage defined by the MPT, for the Regional Labor Attorney's Offices of the 15th Region and the 2nd Region. The last two chapters contain the international and national panoramas.
Labor Attorney Danielle Olivares Corrêa, Regional Coordinator of the Coordination for the Promotion of Equality and Combating Discrimination in the Labor Market of the Regional Labor Attorney's Office of the 15th Region, says that the research data contained in the book “will be of great value” for the MPT work. “Knowledge of the results of this research will greatly contribute to all those who work for the inclusion of people with disabilities, whether public agents, political agents, legal operators, organized civil society, members of the Public Ministry, the judiciary, companies, trade unions and so many other social actors, in the development of public policies aimed at the needs of each location”, she said.
Regional Labor Attorney Adriane Reis de Araújo, national coordinator for the Promotion of Equal Opportunities of the MPT, said that this type of survey should be replicated throughout the country and that the work “will provide the basis” for many MPT processes. Judge Samuel Hugo Lima suggested holding a seminar to discuss the results of the research and identifies in the work a potential to influence future laws.
The rector of Unicamp, professor Antonio José de Almeida Meirelles, assesses that the collaborative efforts between the University and the MPT have existed for a long time and become even deeper with this work. “It is the University fulfilling its mission, which is to produce information and scientific content that can support the development of public policies,” he said. “Content that has the power to transform reality”, added the dean. “I hope this is another one of the many collaborative actions that we can still do together”, he concluded.
Service:
Publishing company: CRV EDITORIAL
ISBN: 978-65-251-3792-6
DIGITAL ISBN: 978-65-251-3793-3
DOI: 10.24824/978652513792.6
Edition year: 2022
Distributor: CRV EDITORIAL
Number of pages: 276
Book Format: 16x23cm
Edition number: 1
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